Satellites are an essential part of the telecommunication system worldwide today. They can carry a large amount of data. satellite communication is a special use of microwave transmission systems. A Satellite is placed above the earth where its orbital speed exactly matches the Earth's rotation speed.  Hence it always stays over the same point with respect to the Earth.  In satellite communication, the earth station consists of a satellite dish that functions as an antenna and communication equipment to transmit and receive data from satellite overhead.

Advantages of Satellite Transmission

1. The area coverage through satellite transmission is quite large.

2. This is particularly useful for sparsely populated areas.

Disadvantages of Satellite Transmission

1. Placing the satellite into its Orbit involves a very high cost.
2. Transmission is affected by weather conditions like rain, thunderstorm, etc.

Microwave signals are used to transmit data without the use of cables. The microwave signals are similar to radio and television signals. Microwaves are used for long-distance communication. In microwave communication parabolic antennas are mounted on towers to send data to other antennas.

Advantages of Microwave

1. It offers ease of communication over difficult terrain.
2. Microwaves have the ability to communicate over oceans.

Disadvantages of Microwave

1. It is an insecure communication.
2. Its propagation is susceptible to weather effects like rains, thunderstorms, etc.
3. Implementation and maintenance cost is high.
4. Bandwidth is limited.

Infrared is a type of unguided or wired transmission media. This is the frequency of light that is not visible to the human eye. Infrared light is widely used for short-range communication. The remote control is used in TV, VCR, Stereos, and other devices all use infrared communication.

Advantages of Infrared

1. It having short-range communication hence it is a secure mode of transmission.
2. It is quite an inexpensive transmission medium.

Disadvantages of Infrared

1. It can be only used in short-range transmission.
2. Infrared wave transmission cannot pass through obstruction like walls, buildings, etc.